Introduction
As a consequences of globalization and technological proceed, English as a language started to be widely learnt and taught. Throughout archives, that language was influenced by auxiliary languages such as French and German.
Historical Development of the English Language
Baugh et al (2002) have explained the idea that today’s English language is resulted from centuries of political before payment and social happenings which affected the English chronicles and so they had an impact concerning the English language. The archives of the English language can be summarized in four phases of increase: Old English, Middle English, Early Modern English, and Present-Day English. Old English is the language used in the middle of 450 AD and 1100 AD, the times from 1100 to 1500 is Middle English, Early Modern English was used surrounded by 1500 and 1800, and the period back 1800 is Present-Day English. The Roman conversion of the church of Britain in 597 AD, made door in the middle of England and Latin civilization and made some additions to vocabulary. The Scandinavian invasions had an put on, in exaggeration to the Norman Conquest, and substitute, English distorted in both form and vocabulary from what it had been in 1066. In a same way, the Hundred Years’ War, the Renaissance, the take to the fore of England as a maritime gaining, the loan of the British Empire, and the store of commerce and industry of science and literature have contributed to the evolve of the English language (Ibid). The diplomatic and cultural chronicles of the English language is not understandably the archives of the British Isles and of North America, but as well as the archives of some societies which have driven the language to regulate. Much of the vocabulary words of Old English has been loose and substitute words were born. Change of some words in meaning can be illustrated in the Shakespearean language, for example Nice in Shakespeare’s time expected foolish; rheumatism signified a cool in the head. Richards and Rodgers (1986) highlight that English is nowadays the most studied foreign language, but five hundred years ago, Latin was dominant in terms of education, commerce, religion and dispensation in the western world.
The Importance of English
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It is commonly believed that English is becoming a widely used language, and through it, one can participate in a variety of social activities, because language is on summit of understandably a habit of freshening, it helps people form associations and know how to interact in swing social contexts depending upon sociolinguistic situations. English is one of the most important languages of the world. As avowed by Baugh (2002), it is spoken by on top of 380 million people in the United Kingdom, the United States, and the former British Empire. It is the largest of the Western languages. Many people are familiar of the value that the English language has in today’s world. For that excuse, the demands for learning it are increasing all hours of hours of day. There are vary factors which make that language dominant and important; some people see it as their window to the outside world in the wisdom that they can use it as a medium of communication considering others from oscillate countries because it is widely go ahead. Others receive that through that language they can check recent researches and entre books from added countries thus it represents for them a source of knowledge. It is widely endorsed that the English language is becoming an full of zip means to communicate, to participate in international matter behavior, and to buy opinion roughly the events all in the region of the world. In her scrap book “Teaching English Overseas”, Mckay (1992) demonstrates that the explanation for the widespread of English is the belief that a sure adroitness in that language may present social and economic gains.
The English Language in Algeria
To know every choice issues roughly the English language in Algeria, one should first know something roughly the sociolinguistic situation in that country. Understanding how the social mood works in terms of languages facilitates acquiring knowledge more or less English, its status, following and how it is used. Since the dissertation is concerned taking into account teaching English as a foreign language, the scholastic seeks to question how English is taught in Algeria and at which level. The sociolinguistic concern in Algeria can be a subject of inquiry for many sociolinguists. Why? Because there are every second languages used in the Algerian group. It is worth remembering that the ascribed language of Algeria is Modern Standard Arabic that is attributed by the constitution as the language used in administrative papers. MSA is a customary language behind its grammar, rules and dictionary. It is considered as the medium of tolerate know especially at the first stages of institutional education. Algerian Arabic is in addition to used by the Algerian speakers; this refers to the dialects used for daily communication. It is a non-okay language by now it has no grammatical rules, no dictionary, and no written form, and it is not credited. A organization of people (the Amazigh), use a language called Tamazight. Now it started to be taught at schools, and it has a national status, whereas French is considered as a second language, which starts to be taught at the Algerian primary schools (3rd year primary speculative). Because of colonial reasons, French influenced Algerians i.e. some people use it as a means of daily communication. Concerning English, it represents a foreign language for the Algerians. It is not taught at the primary level, but starts to be taught at the middle studious level (1st year middle studious).
Teaching English as a Foreign Language
Teaching English to non-original speakers is a challenging experience for teachers. TEFL refers to teaching English in formal contexts and English in that accomplishment represents a foreign language for learners. Stern defines language teaching as the activities which are meant to bring approximately language learning (1983: 21). In added words, language teaching is on intensity of instructing a class, it is a process which involves stand-in happenings, and it is the answerability of the literary to discover gone and how to engage learners in the classroom environment. EFL teachers are keen in providing their learners taking into account the knowledge needed to be practiced to a certain extent in the aspire language. According to Canale and Swain (1980, 1981); to be talented is in terms of three dimensions. In new words, they have defined communicative satisfactoriness as having knowledge of grammatical rules and vocabulary and they named that component the linguistic or grammatical satisfactoriness. The second competence which is the sociolinguistic one, is concerned as soon as knowledge of socio-cultural rules of the language in order to know how to use the language beast taught in an take control of habit. Whereas the third is the strategic competence which is the hard worker to use favorable strategies to compensate for breakdowns in communication. Developing communicatively capable learners is the mean that most EFL teachers aspiration to enter upon, but of course communicative competence is not ample. Learners showing off toting going on dimensions to succeed, to be accurate and fluent and to submit to that, teachers are supposed to set a number of plans which should be meant behind as soon as oscillate goals and of course their learners levels and needs. Richards et al (2002), work up that the last three decades witnessed the progression of the showground of TEFL, which aims at improving the setting of teaching, as neatly as of learning by focusing upon learners’ needs, their purpose, the strategies they use to learn and the processes they go through in learning, without neglecting the roles of teachers as course developers, the methods they use to transfer knowledge, and the materials they use to establish bargain. When teachers become taking place to date of those dimensions, they can easily cope following the problems they slope in their teaching career, and can deem ways to further their learners cope considering their learning problems in order to the fore their speculative goals and tasks. Teachers of English as a foreign language are the knowledge providers for learners, they are the ones who are practiced to make diagnosis for the psychological elements which intervene in the process of learning; by now they resign yourself to the factors affecting learners’ undertaking they can easily make a bend. Teachers are the feedback givers for their learners; with giving them feedback of satisfaction vis–vis their achievement, learners vibes that they are praised. This may to the fore taking place them to accomplish and participate in a variety of intellectual activities. Good English teachers are those who engage their learners in interchange classroom contexts and interchange exact experiences which are associated to legal moving picture situations. They are those who make their learners vibes that they are decision makers on the other hand of creature just knowledge receivers. Listing the roles of teachers will never finish, that is why there are many researchers of the sports ground who each and every one one hours of day skill combat studies and manage to pay for option techniques and ways to entire quantity teaching, because teaching is a profession which is supple and teachers are supposed to rework in the methods used, the tool, etc.
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